Ponds & Waterfalls: Layout & Excavation

First of all: know what you want. If you needDo not land-lock a section of your yard that may
some ideas, visit the library or your local booklater need drains, sprinklers or heavy construction
store and browse through landscape books,material. Place in advance or remove such items
garden and pond magazines. You can also searchand install necessary drains and sprinklers. If it is
the web and read and study as much as possible.not convenient to run the sprinklers at this time,
Layout is the most important phase of the entirerun 4 inch drainpipe sleeves under the stream or
project. I have heard many complaints fromsection of pond to enable running low voltage wire
disappointed clients after they had a chance toand sprinkler lines later.
get used to their new addition to the landscape. "IWhen it comes to the koi pond depth, if you plan
only wish we had made it bigger ... made it deeperto have it more than 18" deep, you will need to
... added an island ... made it longer and constructedcheck with the local building codes to determine if
a bridge ... built it closer to the house ... installed aa 6 foot perimeter fence is required. You may
larger water pump for the waterfall … or ...also need door alarms and self-closing gates at
built the waterfall higher or wider."the side of the house. If the koi pond site is not
Most of these wishes could have been grantedlevel, do not worry about it; you will have all the
for a reasonable cost before or duringexcavated dirt from the pond to level out uneven
construction. But waiting until afterward meansterrain and get creative with terracing for an
incurring a major expense that may be costupper koi pond and waterfall or a sloped portion
prohibitive. If your choice is to omit the item orof the yard for a stream or creek.
feature because of its cost, then make structuralA pond can be placed on the side of a hill by
preparations to allow for adding it on later. Youconstructing a retaining wall to hold back portions
can plan and design the landscape to allow forof the hill. Drive a stake in the ground until the top
easy additions to the koi pond later just by theof it represents the water surface of the koi
strategic placement of trees, sprinklers, drain lines,pond. Continue with additional stakes in the shape
and much more.of the proposed pond using a level as you go.
When you decide exactly where you want toKeep in mind how deep the koi pond should be
place the koi pond, take your time laying it out. Aand begin to remove the dirt. As you do so, note
garden hose is popular for this job because it canthe condition of the soil and determine if you will
easily be moved around until the desired shape isneed only shovels and a pick, or if you will have
achieved. Once that is accomplished, you can useto rent a jackhammer. Also, if the soil is sandy
construction paint and spray the ground in theand unstable, you may need to shore up the
outline of the hose. If there is any doubt aboutsides with plywood forms and supports prior to
where to locate the koi pond, give it a couple ofpouring concrete.
days and ask for outside opinions. Then walkMost often the soil from a pond excavation can
around the yard while you observe the proposedbe used to create berms in the landscape plus
spot from various angles, especially views frommounding for a waterfall. If the koi pond is large
inside your house, from the room where youthe excavated dirt can be used to terrace a level
spend most of your time.back yard, facilitating a second, elevated koi pond.
Remember to take into consideration everythingIf there is no access to the back yard for a
around it. How close is the nearest tree? Will itsbobcat or excavator, additional soil will need to be
roots pose a problem later? Is there going to beremoved by wheelbarrow and can be dumped
sufficient sun throughout the day? Some waterinto a rented trash bin or dumpster.
plants require more sun exposure than others,The most important stage of the water feature
such as lilies. Make sure you know where theproject is planning, not layout and excavation. If
main power, water and sewer lines are routed toyou have not planned and predesigned your
the house. It is not so good to find out after thewaterfall and koi pond by now, file this article
fact that the gas or water line runs right throughaway until you do.
the center, 36 inches below the surface of a 48It has been a pleasure sharing with you. Until next
inch deep koi pond.time. Happy Koi, Peace & Joy.