Float Switches

Fluids levels in containers may need to betriggering an alarm.
monitored and controlled for a number ofFloat switches have uses in industry but also in
different reasons. It may be important to knowthe home. An environmentally friendly home may
when a receptacle is getting low on fluid or highuse a rainwater toilet and the chances are that it
on fluid and appropriate action may then need towill be controlled by one of these devices. The
be taken.cistern of the toilet will need to be filled from the
An example of this is a submersible water pump.main rainwater reservoir. When the cistern is not
If it is allowed to run dry, it will quickly burn out -full enough, the switch can be set to activate a
therefore some sort of device is needed topump and replenish the water supply, switching
prevent this happening.off again when the cistern is full, thus preventing
The answer is to use a float switch. Mercury tiltwater overflowing and ruining the bathroom.
switches used to be used frequently but sinceIn cases where the liquid being measured is
mercury is highly toxic they are no longerturbulent, the float switch may be triggered a lot.
favoured. A modern float switch is moreThis is known as multi-switching and may not be
commonly made from a reed switch, triggered bydesirable as it can damage a pump with the
a float-mounted magnet. More complex switchesrepeated switching about over a short period of
are also available and they use a series of opticaltime. In these cases, the device can be set to
or conductance sensors.stay off for a set period of time or to activate
The float switch is basically used to detect theonly when liquid is detected continuously for a
level of liquid within a container. When aprogrammed period of time.
designated minimum or maximum level is reached,Float switches are fairly simple devices but they
the float switch activates and triggers the desiredare very useful.
response, such as turning a pump on or off or