High Blood Pressure and the Risk of Heart Disease

Essentially, blood pressure is the measure of howdisease may occur. Or, there is the risk of getting
hard your heart has to work in order to circulatea stroke, congestive heart failure, and possibly
blood through your body. There are two factorskidney disease.
that affect blood pressure: the amount of bloodActually, most people do not understand that
being pumped out of the heart and the amountthere is no one specific normal number to blood
of resistance as the heart works to pump bloodpressure, such as the common quoted 120/80.
into the general circulation. To understand thisActually, there is a range of normal blood
better consider this: water running through apressure readings that includes less than 140 for
narrow hose as opposed through a wider hose.systolic BP (the top number) and less than 90 for
What happens here is that it takes less pressurediastolic BP ( the bottom number). The systolic
to pump water into a hose with a large diameterreading is the highest pressure in the arteries at
than it does to pump water into a hose with athe time the heart contracts and pushes blood
small oneforward into the arteries. On the other hand, the
When at rest, the heart beats about sixty todiastolic reading is the lowest pressure in the
ninety times per minute. And, with each beatarteries, and represents the heart at rest
blood is pumped into the arteries which are thebetween contractions. During this time the heart
pipeline that carries blood throughout the body.fills with blood and prepares for the next
Arteries have the ability to expand and contract.contraction
An increase in the resistance or volume needs aWe may have heard that high BP is known as the
greater effort by the heart to push the bloodsilent killer. This is so because there are no
forward into the arteries. Over time, the heart,symptoms of elevated BP. Really, the only way
because of increased work may become enlargedto know if one has high BP is to have it
and less efficient. Moreover, the arteries may alsomeasured. If needed, the treatment of HBP may
become damaged because of scarring and loss ofinclude, with the advice of one's doctor, diet
elasticity.changes, starting an exercise program, and
If one does not get treatment for high bloodprescribed medication.
pressure, there is the probability that heart