Setting Up A New Aquarium

Location of your aquariumIt is also not recommended to use feeder fishes
So, you bought your very first fish tank. And youfor this task, as they often carry diseases.
probably already decided where to place it. ButPrawn method is easy, throw them in and wait.
keep in mind that a fish tank filled with water isBut be prepared for the smell.
much heavier than it seems. So please, place it onCommercial products are not the most reliable.
something strong and stable.Most of us would wonder how much shelf life do
It is also advisable to keep your fish tank awaythese products have. After all, we are talking
from direct, or even indirect, sunlight. Long hoursabout live organisms here. But there are indeed
of sunlight will induce algae, something you do notcases where hobbyists introduce fishes without
want if you wish to keep your aquarium beautiful.cycling, relying on commercial products to do its
Any gravel?work. It all boils down to how much risk you are
Skip this part if you plan to have a simplewilling to take. Personally, I have a bottle of
bare-bottom fish tank. Personally, I feel thatNutrafin Cycle, which I bought when I upgraded
gravels make an aquarium looks so much nicer.my filter.
Having gravels also helps hide your fishes' wastes.The wait
Before you start pouring your gravels into yourSo you've introduced ammonia, turned on your
fish tank, stop! Take a pail, pour your gravels intofilter, and is waiting for your fish tank to cycle. I
it instead. Start washing them over and over untilwould recommend at least three days of cycling
the water is decently clear. This is important, asbefore introducing your fishes. Longer, if the
you don't want your fishes to be swimming infishes you plan to keep are sensitive. Or if you
chocolate milk.have not decided on what fishes to keep, now is
Preparing your watera good time to research on that.
Water is the single most important element of anFind on how big will the fishes grow up to. Most
aquarium. It is important to prepare your waterfishes are so tiny when young, but can grow up
before adding any fishes, as most tap waterto huge sizes. This is important, as having no
contains chemicals like chlorine and chloramine,space to swim will stunt their growth, their colors
which are harmful to fishes. So be sure to get awill not show, and they get sick easier. So get
bottle of water conditioner from your favouritesuitable fishes, unless you have plans to upgrade
pet shop that neutralizes both chlorine andto a larger fish tank.
chloramine.Find out if the fishes are to be kept in brackish
If you have gravels, be very gentle when pouringwater or fresh water. Do not mix the two types
water into your tank, so as not to stir up theof fishes. Find out also their aggressiveness,
gravels. A useful tip is to pour your water onto afeeding habits, behaviors, and anything else you
floating plate or saucer, so as to divert the forceneed to know to keep your fishes healthy and
of the falling water. Fill water to your preferredhappy.
height, and add measured amount of yourAcclimatizing your new fishes
anti-chlorine-and-chloramine water conditioner.Finally, it's time for you to go out and buy your
Setting up your filterfishes. Get the pet shop people to help you select
Setup your filter according to your filter's manual.healthy ones. While at the shop, make sure
Make sure that it is working properly as intended,you've already gotten everything you need.
as the filter is a very important part of anThings like food, aquarium salt(if keeping brackish
aquarium. Your filter provides water circulation,water fishes), net, water pump, and a bottle of
and also oxygenates the water, if your type ofanti-chlorine-and-chloramine water conditioner.
filter causes water surface disturbance. If yourOnce you reached home, float the packet of
aquarium is heavily loaded with fishes, and youryour new babies in your tank water. This is to
filter fails for even a few hours, it could be fatal.acclimatize your fishes to the new water
What is cycling?temperature. Float for about 15 minutes, then
Cycling is the process where bacterias breakopen up the packet, and pour some of your tank
down ammonia(NH3) into nitrite(NO2), and fromwater into it. This is to acclimatize your fishes to
nitrite to nitrate(NO3). Ammonia and nitrite arethe new water parameters. Wait for another 15
both very toxic to fishes, and nitrate being theminutes, or more, if your fishes are sensitive
least toxic of the three. Therefore this process isspecies. And finally, use a net to catch your fishes
the most important for any aquarium.into your fish tank!
The nitrosomonas species of bacteria startsObserving your fishes
forming when ammonia is present. They form allIf your fish tank has decorative objects, most
around our fish tank, the driftwoods, thelikely your new fishes will go into hiding. This is
substrate, and especially inside our filter. Slowly,normal, and will last up to a few days. When they
they will form into a colony large enough todo show themselves, observe them. Take note
efficiently breakdown ammonia into nitrite. Whenof how their bodies look like, and how they
nitrite in the water has reached a certain level, thebehave, so you will know when something odd
Nitrobacter species of bacteria starts forming.happens.
Slowly, they will breakdown the nitrite into nitrate.Feed very sparingly during this beginning stage. As
And finally, nitrate in the water can be removedthe filtration and bacteria system is still new, do
via the most common and cost-effectivenot want to pollute the water too much. I
method, water changes.suggest feeding small amounts once a day
In a nutshell: Ammonia > Nitrite > Nitratestarting from the second or third day. If your
Introduction of ammoniafishes refuse to eat, do not put in more food. Try
These are the various ways of introducingfeeding again the next day. This is normal and you
ammonia:do not need to worry, as the fishes most likely
- Seeding. Transfer some gravel or filter spongealready eaten when in the pet shop, and they can
wool/etc from an established fish tank into thesurvive for as long as a week without food.
new one.Conclusion
- Fish wastes. Zebra danios are very hardy fishesSoon, your fishes will get used to their
that are commonly used for cycling.environment. They will start becoming more
- Market prawns. Yes, it will stink.active. Their vibrant colors will start showing. And
- Commercial products.they may even recognize you whenever you
Personally, I feel that the seeding method wouldcome close to feed them. That is the reward of
be the most reliable and yields the fastest results.fish-keeping! But of course, you have to be a
Fish method is slow, but adding more fishes doesresponsible owner. Performing the regular water
makes the process faster. Just that the fisheschanges, medicating them when they get sick,
might not survive the intense ammonia poisoning.and feeding them quality food everyday. And I
We don't want fishes to die in our new fish tank.officially welcome you to the hobby!