How pumps work


Submersible Well Pump How to Replace

Replacing a submersible well pump is not awill be getting an idea of how heavy the
complicated task and relatively simple if youwhole assembly is of which you have to lift
understand the basics about a well system -out  of  the  well.
like the placement of the pump, how the
submersible pump operates and how it isNow you are ready to lift the pump. Rubber
installed in a well casing. An advanced do itgloves, protective clothing or coveralls
yourselfer with knowledge of electricalshould be worn as the pump piping may have an
wiring and some basic plumbing skills isiron and silt residue on the exterior and can
probably capable of replacing a submersiblebe quite a messy job. Fasten a pull rope
irrigation pump. This is not a step by steparound the top of the well head for the other
installation guide but rather an overview forperson to hold on and tie off if needed. Some
a general understanding to evaluate whetherwells may have a leader rope or cable already
to do it yourself or hire a contractor. Theattached from original installation instead
savings on the cost of labor, if you do itof relying on the discharge hose clamps and
yourself, will be about 50 - 60% of the totalconnection. The person who will do the actual
price of a contractor doing the job. Thepulling should stand directly above the well
first factor in deciding whether to attemptto lift the discharge piping straight out of
doing it yourself is how deep the well is andthe casing and the other person should stay
do you have a large enough lay down area towith the top end of well cap and guide it to
layout the pipe in your yard once you startwhere you lay it down as you pull. Make sure
pulling it out of the casing. If your well isthat the person guiding the end has a good
50' to 150' deep, I would recommend doing itgrip on the end before you release to get
yourself if you are physically capable toanother grip. Continue until pump assembly is
continuously lift and pull about 40 to 70fully out of the casing and wash off the
pounds of weight and hold it in place forentire pump end so you read the specification
during the complete removal of pump to keeptag  of  the  pump.
from dropping it back into the well. To do
this you will need at least one other personCollect the information from the old pump -
to help you pull out the pump and guide thebrand, model, HP, voltage, phase, 110/220,
discharge pipe away from the well as you arerpm, 2 or 3 wire configuration, continuous
lifting  it  out.duty and the pumps outlet size and discharge
pipe size. Most residential submersible pumps
The well casing in made of steel, iron or PVCare either 2 wire or 3 wire configuration.
pipe usually 3"or 4" inside diameter and thisThe 2 wire type has 2 - 110v wires along with
acts as a sleeve in which the pump housing,a case ground to pump housing. The 2 wire
discharge pipe and wiring go down to reachpump needs no controls. If it is a 3 wire
the water level within this pipe casing.pump  you  should  replace the controls also.
Attached to the submersible pump is the
discharge pipe, usually 1" to 1- ¼"Most submersible pump are two piece units
flexible poly pipe and the electrical wiringbolted together to be one assembly and
which also runs into this casing to the depthconsists of the motor and the pump. You can
of submersible pump in the well. The deeperjust replace the motor or pump if you choose,
the well, the heavier and more difficult itbut I would highly suggest that you replace
is to lift out. The weight of the pumpthe whole assembly. After you have identified
assembly may require some rigging above thewhat type and size pump you have you may want
well casing to help lift and hold the pumpto decide to upgrade your system with a
assembly in place so it doesn't slip and drophigher volume pump of keep the same
back down into the well casing as you areconfiguration. For upgrading, you should
pulling it out. Once you start pulling up ofcontact a supplier or well contractor for
the pump you must continue the motion untilrecommendations to be compatible with your
it is fully out of the casing. If you areneeds and piping sizes to which your pump
doing this manually attach a rope beforehandfeeds.
to the top end of well cap so the other
person can easier hold on to it and tie itInstalling the new pump assembly. Make an
off to something - a tree or fence, initemized list of new parts, controls,
between lifts if you need to take a break andfittings or wiring as needed. If the existing
stop  lifting.wiring and flex pipe are in good condition
there is no need to replace them. To install
If you decide to replace the well pumpthe new pump you will have to splice the
yourself, here are some tips to remember.electric wires together in a waterproof
Determine that the pump motor is bad byconnection. Consult an electrician or well
checking circuit breakers, switches and checkcontractor to specify the power wire splice
that power is at the well head. If power isconnector type and technique acceptable for
on at well head it is a good sign that thewell applications. Connect the pipe fittings
pump is broke. Turn off the power at theand pipe clamps as directed in the
breaker panel, tag and lock it out for safetymanufacturer's instructions. Tape the power
before you start exposing the well head.wires about every 2' for the entire length to
Clear the area around the well head, approxthe flex pipe for ease in reinstallation of
6' to 8' diameter, of shrubs and plants sopump into casing. Turn the power to the pump
you have enough room to expose the pumpon momentarily to check if it is working
outlet and electrical connections. Disconnectbefore inserting assembly into well. Turn the
the discharge pipe and undo the wiring at thepower breaker off and prepare to insert the
junction box near the top of the well. Loosenpump back into the well again using 2 people
the bolts on top of the casing cover, this is- one at the well opening lowering and
a squeeze type of cover with a thick rubberfeeding the pump down and the other person at
ring that expands as tightened and contractsthe well head cover feeding the slack to you
as loosened against the casing interior. Onceand to help hold back to prevent the pump
loose, try to lift the cover, as you lift youfrom dropping quickly down the casing.



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